The Town Files

Columbia, Illinois

City in Monroe County · population 10,999 (2020 Census) · spans 2 counties

Map: where Columbia is in IllinoisColumbia
Median home
$293,000
Household income
$107,606
Jan low / Jul high
22° / 89°
Snow a year
9 in
Tornadoes ≤10 mi since 1950
38
Median age
42.4

Columbia is a city of 10,999 people in Monroe County, Illinois. The median home is worth $293,000, above the typical Illinois town ($156,600). It ranks more upscale than 88% of Illinois towns, better for families than 80% of Illinois towns, better for young professionals than 78% of Illinois towns.

How Columbia ranks

Percentile among Illinois towns with at least 500 people on The Town Files lifestyle rankings. 50 is typical for the state; 90 means better than 90% of Illinois towns.

Columbia lifestyle rankings vs other Illinois townsRetirement48th pctFamilies80th pctQuiet43rd pctWalkability41st pctFirst-time buyers49th pctYoung professionals78th pctVibrancy63rd pctHip & trendy52nd pctCollege town28th pctUpscale88th pctVacation homesbottomSeaside characterbottomCyclingbottomTransit41st pctDriving48th pcttypical
The Town Files lifestyle rankings, built from federal demographic, school, crime and housing data (2025).

Homes and cost of living

The median home in Columbia is worth $293,000, above the typical Illinois town ($156,600). Homes cost about 2.7 times the median household income of $107,606, which is more affordable than 31% of Illinois towns. Median rent is $1,128 a month. 82.4% of households own their home.

Columbia vs Monroe County vs typical Illinois townColumbiaMonroe CountyTypical Illinois townHome value$293,000$282,100$156,600Household income$107,606$102,880$72,500Monthly rent$1,128$1,042$960
Census ACS 5-year estimates, 2020–2024. "Typical town" = median of Illinois towns with 500+ people.
HousingColumbiaTypical Illinois town
Median home value$293,000$156,600
Median rent$1,128$960
Median household income$107,606$72,500
Home value ÷ income2.7×2.2×
Homeownership82.4%76.6%
Median year built19911967
Seasonal / vacation homes0.1%—

Who lives in Columbia

PeopleColumbiaTypical Illinois town
Median age42.440.4
Age 65 and over16.5%18.7%
Under 1823.9%—
Bachelor's degree or higher49.0%21.8%
Below the poverty line5.4%9.9%
Veterans8.5%—
Born outside the U.S.0.6%—
Work from home12.5%8.9%
Average commute26.4 min26.1 min
Homes with broadband94.0%90.4%

Weather in Columbia

July highs average 88.5°F and January lows 22.0°F. About 42.8 inches of rain and melted snow fall a year, with 8.8 inches of snow (typical Illinois town: 24.2 in). Expect about 40 days a year at 90°F or hotter and 97 nights at or below freezing.

Columbia monthly temperatures and precipitation20°30°40°50°60°70°80°90°32° freezing41°22°Jan46°26°Feb56°35°Mar68°45°Apr76°56°May85°65°Jun89°69°Jul87°67°Aug80°59°Sep70°46°Oct56°35°Nov45°27°DecPrecipitation (in) · snow (in) in blue2.72.82.33.13.50.74.60.34.84.35.03.13.43.03.30.42.81.5
NOAA 1991–2020 climate normals: average daily high and low by month; precipitation and snowfall in inches. Temperatures from the Cahokia station (7.6 mi away); snow from Waterloo (7.0 mi).

Tornadoes, storms and disasters

38 tornadoes have passed within 10 miles of Columbia since 1950, compared with 27 for the typical Illinois town. 11 rated (E)F2 or stronger. The strongest, an F4, struck on February 25, 1956 about 3.6 miles from the town center and killed 6. Tornadoes within 10 miles have caused 6 deaths and 43 injuries since 1950. The most recent was on April 20, 2025.

Tornadoes within 10 miles of Columbia by decade81950s41960s21970s21980s31990s42000s52010s102020s
NOAA Storm Events Database, tornado tracks (start to end point) passing within 10 miles of the town center, 1950–2026.

Hail of 1 inch or larger has been reported within 10 miles 172 times; the largest was 4.50 inches on May 25, 2011.

Severe weather in Monroe County since 1996

Storm events in Monroe County since 1996 by typeHail100Heat30Flood12Drought4Tornado25High Wind6Heavy Snow13Flash Flood19
NOAA Storm Events Database, Monroe County, 1996–2026 (all event types recorded since 1996). 1 deaths recorded.

Monroe County has been included in 20 federal disaster or emergency declarations since 1953, most often for flood, tornado, hurricane.

DeclaredIncidentDeclaration
August 15, 2023Severe StormDR-4728: Severe Storms And Flooding
March 26, 2020BiologicalDR-4489: Covid-19 Pandemic
March 13, 2020BiologicalEM-3435: Covid-19
September 19, 2019FloodDR-4461: Severe Storms And Flooding
May 10, 2013FloodDR-4116: Severe Storms, Straight-Line Winds, And Flooding

Jobs and pay in Monroe County

Monroe County had 8,442 jobs in 2024, paying an average of $48,706 a year. Unemployment was 3.1% in 2023; in Columbia itself the ACS puts it at 1.4%.

Largest industries in Monroe CountyRetail1,241 jobs · $36,255Hotels & restaurants1,221 jobs · $21,486Health care & social assistan…922 jobs · $48,681Construction554 jobs · $76,328Finance & insurance512 jobs · $85,504Other services508 jobs · $43,910
BLS Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages, 2024, private-sector jobs and average annual pay.
Unemployment rate in Monroe County, 2000–20230%2%4%6%8%2000200420082012201620202023Monroe 3.1%
Annual average unemployment rate (BLS Local Area Unemployment Statistics via USDA ERS).

Public schools in Columbia

4 public schools with 1,942 students, about 15.9 students per teacher.

SchoolGradesStudentsPer teacher
Columbia Middle School5-861316.6
Columbia High School9-1259716.1
Parkview Elementary School2-443616.8
Eagleview Elementary SchoolPK-129613.5

Towns near Columbia

Columbia questions

Is Columbia, Illinois a good place to retire?

On The Town Files lifestyle rankings, Columbia scores better for retirees than 48% of Illinois towns and quieter than 43%. 16.5% of residents are 65 or older (median age 42.4).

How much does a house cost in Columbia?

The median owner-occupied home in Columbia is valued at $293,000 (Census ACS 2020–2024), against a median household income of $107,606, so homes cost about 2.7 times income. Median rent is $1,128 a month.

What is the weather like in Columbia?

July highs average 88.5°F and January lows 22.0°F (NOAA 1991–2020 normals). It gets about 42.8 inches of precipitation a year and 8.8 inches of snow.

Does Columbia get tornadoes?

38 tornadoes have passed within 10 miles of Columbia since 1950 (NOAA Storm Events); the strongest was a F4 on February 25, 1956. The typical Illinois town has had 27.

How this page is made. Every number comes from public data, matched to Columbia's Census boundary (GEOID 1715833). Comparisons use the median of Illinois towns with at least 500 people. Weather comes from the nearest NOAA normals station; storm counts use NOAA tornado tracks within 10 miles of the town center. Data snapshot 2026-11-12.